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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha : |
25/06/2021 |
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Actualizado : |
06/09/2022 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Nacionales |
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Autor : |
BASILE, P.; FORMOSO, D.; BLUMETTO, O. |
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Afiliación : |
PATRICIA CECILIA BASILE LORENZO, Universidad de la República, CENUR Noreste, Sede Tacuarembó, Tacuarembó, Uruguay.; DANIEL FORMOSO CUNHA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; OSCAR RICARDO BLUMETTO VELAZCO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Floristic composition and above-ground net primary production innatural grasslands on basaltic deep soils. [Composición florística y productividad primaria neta aérea de campos naturales sobre suelos profundos de basalto.]. [Composição florística e produtividade primária aérea liquida de campos naturais sobre solos de Basalto profundo.] |
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Complemento del título : |
Sectiion: Animal production and pastures. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2021 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Agrociencia Uruguay, 2021, vol. 25, n.2, article e417. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.417 |
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ISSN : |
e-ISSN: 2730-5066 |
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DOI : |
10.31285/AGRO.25.417 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received 29 Sep 2020; Accepted 22 Feb 2021; Published 17May 2021.
Editor: Pablo Boggiano, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay.
Correspondence: Patricia Basile, mail: patricia.basile@cut.edu.uy |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grasslands more accurately.
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RESUMEN - En la actualidad, los campos naturales de la región basáltica de Uruguay se encuentran deteriorados dado que históricamente se ha utilizado un manejo de carga continua sin ajuste a la productividad primaria neta aérea (PPNA) de la comunidad vegetal. Actualmente es posible estimar la PPNA mediante sensores remotos utili-zando imágenes sintéticas del índice de vegetación mejorado (EVI). Los objetivos del trabajo fueron determinar el efecto de la disminución de la intensidad de pastoreo en la composición florística, la PPNA y el coeficiente de eficiencia de uso de la radiación (EUR) de la comunidad vegetal de suelos profundos de basalto y determinar la variabilidad estacional del EUR. El trabajo se realizó entre la primavera de 2013 y el verano de 2015 en cinco establecimientos ganaderos de la región basáltica de Uruguay, en los cuales se eligieron dos potreros con manejo ganadero contrastante. Se midió el crecimiento de la vegetación mediante la técnica del rebrote utili-zando jaulas de exclusión. La composición florística se estimó mediante la escala Braun-Blanquet. El EUR se estimó a partir de la radiación absoluta absorbida por la planta (RFAA) y la PPNA siguiendo la ecuación: EUR=PPNA/ (RFAA×10). Se registraron cambios en la composición florística, la PPNA y el EUR a lo largo del estudio en los dos tratamientos. Los datos de EUR obtenidos servirán para poder estimar con mayor precisión la PPNA en campos naturales.
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RESUMO - Os campos naturais da região de basalto do Uruguai estão atualmente deteriorados, uma vez que o gerencia-mento de carga historicamente contínuo tem sido usado sem ajuste à Produtividade Primária Líquida (PPNA) da comunidade de plantas. Atualmente, é possível estimar o PPNA por sensoriamento remoto utilizando ima-gens sintéticas do índice de vegetação aprimorado (EVI). Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar o efeito da diminuição da intensidade de pastejo sobre a composição florística, o PPNA e o coeficiente de eficiência no uso de radiação (EUR) da comunidade vegetal presente em solos basálticos profundos e determinar a variabi-lidade sazonal do EUR. O trabalho foi realizado entre a primavera de 2013 e o verão de 2015 em cinco fazendas de gado na região basáltica do Uruguai, nas quais foram escolhidas duas áreas de pastagem com manejo pecuário contrastante. O crescimento da vegetação foi medido pela técnica de rebrota em gaiolas de exclusão. A composição florística foi estimada pela escala de Braun-Blanquet. EUR foi estimado a partir da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa absorvida pela planta (PGRFA) e o (PPNA) seguindo a equação: EUR = PPNA / (PGRFA x 10). Mudanças na composição florística, PPNA e EUR foram registradas ao longo do estudo em ambos tratamentos. Os dados EUR obtidos poderiam ser utilizados para estimar com uma maior precisão o PPNA em campos naturais. MenosABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grassland... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
Degradação; Degradación; Degradation; EUR; Gestão pecuária; Grazing management; Manejo ganadero; RUE. |
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Thesagro : |
CAMPO NATURAL. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L02 Alimentación animal |
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URL : |
http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/16734/1/Agrociencia-UY-2021-25-N2-417.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 05920naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1062161
005 2022-09-06
008 2021 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $ae-ISSN: 2730-5066
024 7 $a10.31285/AGRO.25.417$2DOI
100 1 $aBASILE, P.
245 $aFloristic composition and above-ground net primary production innatural grasslands on basaltic deep soils. [Composición florística y productividad primaria neta aérea de campos naturales sobre suelos profundos de basalto.]. [Composição florística e produtividade primária aérea liquida de campos naturais sobre solos de Basalto profundo.]$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2021
500 $aArticle history: Received 29 Sep 2020; Accepted 22 Feb 2021; Published 17May 2021. Editor: Pablo Boggiano, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay. Correspondence: Patricia Basile, mail: patricia.basile@cut.edu.uy
520 $aABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grasslands more accurately. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. RESUMEN - En la actualidad, los campos naturales de la región basáltica de Uruguay se encuentran deteriorados dado que históricamente se ha utilizado un manejo de carga continua sin ajuste a la productividad primaria neta aérea (PPNA) de la comunidad vegetal. Actualmente es posible estimar la PPNA mediante sensores remotos utili-zando imágenes sintéticas del índice de vegetación mejorado (EVI). Los objetivos del trabajo fueron determinar el efecto de la disminución de la intensidad de pastoreo en la composición florística, la PPNA y el coeficiente de eficiencia de uso de la radiación (EUR) de la comunidad vegetal de suelos profundos de basalto y determinar la variabilidad estacional del EUR. El trabajo se realizó entre la primavera de 2013 y el verano de 2015 en cinco establecimientos ganaderos de la región basáltica de Uruguay, en los cuales se eligieron dos potreros con manejo ganadero contrastante. Se midió el crecimiento de la vegetación mediante la técnica del rebrote utili-zando jaulas de exclusión. La composición florística se estimó mediante la escala Braun-Blanquet. El EUR se estimó a partir de la radiación absoluta absorbida por la planta (RFAA) y la PPNA siguiendo la ecuación: EUR=PPNA/ (RFAA×10). Se registraron cambios en la composición florística, la PPNA y el EUR a lo largo del estudio en los dos tratamientos. Los datos de EUR obtenidos servirán para poder estimar con mayor precisión la PPNA en campos naturales. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. RESUMO - Os campos naturais da região de basalto do Uruguai estão atualmente deteriorados, uma vez que o gerencia-mento de carga historicamente contínuo tem sido usado sem ajuste à Produtividade Primária Líquida (PPNA) da comunidade de plantas. Atualmente, é possível estimar o PPNA por sensoriamento remoto utilizando ima-gens sintéticas do índice de vegetação aprimorado (EVI). Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar o efeito da diminuição da intensidade de pastejo sobre a composição florística, o PPNA e o coeficiente de eficiência no uso de radiação (EUR) da comunidade vegetal presente em solos basálticos profundos e determinar a variabi-lidade sazonal do EUR. O trabalho foi realizado entre a primavera de 2013 e o verão de 2015 em cinco fazendas de gado na região basáltica do Uruguai, nas quais foram escolhidas duas áreas de pastagem com manejo pecuário contrastante. O crescimento da vegetação foi medido pela técnica de rebrota em gaiolas de exclusão. A composição florística foi estimada pela escala de Braun-Blanquet. EUR foi estimado a partir da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa absorvida pela planta (PGRFA) e o (PPNA) seguindo a equação: EUR = PPNA / (PGRFA x 10). Mudanças na composição florística, PPNA e EUR foram registradas ao longo do estudo em ambos tratamentos. Os dados EUR obtidos poderiam ser utilizados para estimar com uma maior precisão o PPNA em campos naturais.
650 $aCAMPO NATURAL
653 $aDegradação
653 $aDegradación
653 $aDegradation
653 $aEUR
653 $aGestão pecuária
653 $aGrazing management
653 $aManejo ganadero
653 $aRUE
700 1 $aFORMOSO, D.
700 1 $aBLUMETTO, O.
773 $tAgrociencia Uruguay, 2021, vol. 25$gn.2, article e417. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.417
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
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Fecha actual : |
13/05/2019 |
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Actualizado : |
27/01/2021 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
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Autor : |
MENDOZA, A.; WIJMA, R.; MORALES-PIÑEYRUA, J.; CAVESTANY, D. |
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Afiliación : |
ALEJANDRO FRANCISCO MENDOZA AGUIAR, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay.//Departamento de Bovinos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, San José, Uruguay.; ROBERT WIJMA CABRERA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay.//Servicios técnicos vacuno de leche, COVAP, Ctra. Canaleja, CP 14400, Pozoblanco, Spain.; JESSICA TATIANA MORALES PIÑEYRUA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; DANIEL CAVESTANY BOCKING, Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.//Unidad de Posgrados,Facultad de Veterinaria,Universidad de la República,Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Carbohydrate source offered in the prepartum diet did not affect postpartum metabolic status or milk yield in dairy cows. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2019 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Animal, Volume 13, Issue 10, 2019, Pages 2289-2296. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119000387 |
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ISSN : |
1751-732X (Online) |
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DOI : |
10.1017/S1751731119000387 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received 10 July 2018.// Accepted 5 February 2019//Published online: 05 March 2019/ Available online 7 December 2020. |
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Contenido : |
Abstract: Increasing the provision of non- fibrou s carbohydrate s (NFC) during the prepartum period is a feeding strategy that has been recommended to facilitate the transition to the onset of lactation and improve dairy cow performance, but results ar e contradictory, probably because most studies have confounded the effect s of level and source of energy. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of the source of carbohydrate offered in the prepartum diet on postpartum cow performance. Holstein dairy cows ( n = 24) were assigned to receive diets with either low (LNFC ), or high (HNFC) levels of NFC during the last 3 weeks before expec ted calving date according to a randomized complete block design. Soybean hulls and corn grain were the main energy ingredient s in the LNFC and HNFC total mixed rations (TMR), respectively, and diet s were designed t o be isocaloric and isopoteic. After calving, all cows were managed as a single group until da y 56 postpartum and grazed on improved pastures and were supplemented with a TMR. Body condition score evaluation and blood sampling were performed weekly throughout the experimental period to monitor the metabolic status of the animals. Prepartum glucose concentrations tended to be greater in HNFC than LNFC, but there was no effect on prepartum or postpartum insulin concentrations. Although nutrient intake was greater in the immediate week after calving in HNFC than LNFC, treatment did not affect milk yield and composition. In conclusion, increasing the NFC intake during the prepartum period, at a similar level of energy and protein intake , had a margin al residual effect on postpartum intake, and did not affect metabolic status or milk production . MenosAbstract: Increasing the provision of non- fibrou s carbohydrate s (NFC) during the prepartum period is a feeding strategy that has been recommended to facilitate the transition to the onset of lactation and improve dairy cow performance, but results ar e contradictory, probably because most studies have confounded the effect s of level and source of energy. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of the source of carbohydrate offered in the prepartum diet on postpartum cow performance. Holstein dairy cows ( n = 24) were assigned to receive diets with either low (LNFC ), or high (HNFC) levels of NFC during the last 3 weeks before expec ted calving date according to a randomized complete block design. Soybean hulls and corn grain were the main energy ingredient s in the LNFC and HNFC total mixed rations (TMR), respectively, and diet s were designed t o be isocaloric and isopoteic. After calving, all cows were managed as a single group until da y 56 postpartum and grazed on improved pastures and were supplemented with a TMR. Body condition score evaluation and blood sampling were performed weekly throughout the experimental period to monitor the metabolic status of the animals. Prepartum glucose concentrations tended to be greater in HNFC than LNFC, but there was no effect on prepartum or postpartum insulin concentrations. Although nutrient intake was greater in the immediate week after calving in HNFC than LNFC, treatment did not affect milk yield an... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
DAIRY COW; GRAZING; HIDRATOS DE CARBONO NO FIBROSOS; NON-FIBROUS CARBOHYDRATES; PERÍODO DE TRANSICIÓN; STARCH; TRANSITION PERIOD; VACA LECHERA. |
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Thesagro : |
ALMIDÓN; PASTOREO; PRODUCCION LECHERA. |
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Asunto categoría : |
-- |
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Marc : |
LEADER 02886naa a2200325 a 4500
001 1059761
005 2021-01-27
008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a1751-732X (Online)
024 7 $a10.1017/S1751731119000387$2DOI
100 1 $aMENDOZA, A.
245 $aCarbohydrate source offered in the prepartum diet did not affect postpartum metabolic status or milk yield in dairy cows.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
500 $aArticle history: Received 10 July 2018.// Accepted 5 February 2019//Published online: 05 March 2019/ Available online 7 December 2020.
520 $aAbstract: Increasing the provision of non- fibrou s carbohydrate s (NFC) during the prepartum period is a feeding strategy that has been recommended to facilitate the transition to the onset of lactation and improve dairy cow performance, but results ar e contradictory, probably because most studies have confounded the effect s of level and source of energy. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of the source of carbohydrate offered in the prepartum diet on postpartum cow performance. Holstein dairy cows ( n = 24) were assigned to receive diets with either low (LNFC ), or high (HNFC) levels of NFC during the last 3 weeks before expec ted calving date according to a randomized complete block design. Soybean hulls and corn grain were the main energy ingredient s in the LNFC and HNFC total mixed rations (TMR), respectively, and diet s were designed t o be isocaloric and isopoteic. After calving, all cows were managed as a single group until da y 56 postpartum and grazed on improved pastures and were supplemented with a TMR. Body condition score evaluation and blood sampling were performed weekly throughout the experimental period to monitor the metabolic status of the animals. Prepartum glucose concentrations tended to be greater in HNFC than LNFC, but there was no effect on prepartum or postpartum insulin concentrations. Although nutrient intake was greater in the immediate week after calving in HNFC than LNFC, treatment did not affect milk yield and composition. In conclusion, increasing the NFC intake during the prepartum period, at a similar level of energy and protein intake , had a margin al residual effect on postpartum intake, and did not affect metabolic status or milk production .
650 $aALMIDÓN
650 $aPASTOREO
650 $aPRODUCCION LECHERA
653 $aDAIRY COW
653 $aGRAZING
653 $aHIDRATOS DE CARBONO NO FIBROSOS
653 $aNON-FIBROUS CARBOHYDRATES
653 $aPERÍODO DE TRANSICIÓN
653 $aSTARCH
653 $aTRANSITION PERIOD
653 $aVACA LECHERA
700 1 $aWIJMA, R.
700 1 $aMORALES-PIÑEYRUA, J.
700 1 $aCAVESTANY, D.
773 $tAnimal, Volume 13, Issue 10, 2019, Pages 2289-2296. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119000387
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